> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.xp-protocol.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.xp-protocol.io/products/xp-protocol/key-concepts.md).

# Key Concepts

<table data-view="cards"><thead><tr><th>Term</th><th>Definition</th><th></th><th data-type="files"></th><th data-hidden data-card-cover data-type="files"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>XP Instance</strong></td><td>An instance is a single xp environment that belongs to a community. All scoreboards/scores are associated with their communit's XP Instance.</td><td></td><td></td><td><a href="/files/oBg68TvQhQesaJrI0EqT">/files/oBg68TvQhQesaJrI0EqT</a></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Scoreboard</strong></td><td>Each wallet in an XP instance has its own scoreboard. This is where we store all scores for that particular wallet.</td><td></td><td></td><td><a href="/files/WNvp24um7wJ9RRhBOREr">/files/WNvp24um7wJ9RRhBOREr</a></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Score Type</strong></td><td>Each instance can keep multiple scores stored for a single user, these Score Types are stored inside a particular user's Scoreboard.</td><td>Example: A Scoreboard may have multiple Score Types to track a user's "attribution", "Social Reputation", "Collector Reputation", "Bot Level Signal"</td><td></td><td><a href="/files/6bdGGU4hPTlGTMJb9klf">/files/6bdGGU4hPTlGTMJb9klf</a></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Score/Points</strong></td><td>The units of measurement for a Score Type. A user is said to have &#x3C;Points> of XP for a specific Score Type.</td><td>Example: John may have 200 XP of "Collector Reputation" in the Fly Frogs XP instance</td><td><a href="/files/CtD2Sx9d7VjJPNUnlmY3">/files/CtD2Sx9d7VjJPNUnlmY3</a></td><td><a href="/files/Gi7d24dmFxJvSNcg1kj0">/files/Gi7d24dmFxJvSNcg1kj0</a></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Action</strong></td><td>An action is what moves scores in either direction. An action contains two key components within it -> {amount: &#x3C;XP>, direction:&#x3C;UP/Down>}</td><td></td><td></td><td><a href="/files/U9FPtyu7059WX3c0sYZI">/files/U9FPtyu7059WX3c0sYZI</a></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Score Update</strong></td><td>This is the process in which a score is updated in an XP instance. The score update consists of an Action that is applied to a user's Score Type on their Scoreboard.</td><td></td><td></td><td><a href="/files/fZ8UHgszyupJs4LP6mRL">/files/fZ8UHgszyupJs4LP6mRL</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

### Example of an XP Instance

An XP Instance at its core is an on-chain data structure that defines **Actions**(your point rules), and how they apply to **Score Types.** This data is on-chain and open allowing anyone to query and check a score of a particular wallet. This opens up the possibility for anyone to build loyalty/reputation/gating tools/protocols on top of this community-defined score system.

<figure><img src="/files/Kum94YwvuwjW3AtD0OK8" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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